Europe’s current carbon pricing policy instruments are not sufficient to scale clean hydrogen, a new report has warned, highlighting the need for uptake quotas in key markets.

The PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) study, commissioned by lobby group Hydrogen Europe, argued without new lead market laws, Europe risks missing its climate goals and undermining industrial competitiveness.

It estimates that carbon prices €180/tonne and €560/tonne would be needed to make clean hydrogen-based steel and ammonia competitive against fossil-based processes.

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